MetricSign
Get started free
Medium severityprivacy

Power BI Refresh Error:
Formula.Firewall

What does this error mean?

Power Query's privacy firewall blocked a query because it would combine data from sources with different privacy levels. This is a security mechanism that prevents accidental data leakage between sources.

Common causes

  • 1A query reads from a database and an API (or any two sources) with mismatched privacy levels
  • 2Parameters or values from one data source are being passed to a query against another source
  • 3Privacy levels are set to 'None' (not configured) on one or more data sources
  • 4A function that buffers data (List.Buffer, Table.Buffer) is reading across sources of different trust levels

How to fix it

  1. 1In Power BI Desktop: File → Options → Current File → Privacy → select 'Ignore the Privacy Levels and potentially improve performance'
  2. 2Alternatively, set consistent privacy levels on all data sources: File → Options → Global → Privacy
  3. 3In Power BI Service, go to dataset settings → Data source credentials → set the privacy level for each source to 'Organizational' or 'Public' as appropriate
  4. 4Restructure your M queries to avoid passing values from one source into queries against another source
  5. 5Use a SQL view or stored procedure to pre-join data on the server side, eliminating cross-source combinations in Power Query

Other privacy errors